Category 1: Commenting Critically on Media

In Affluenza, John de Graaf excerpted television ads in a critique of consumerism.

He invoked fair use because he was engaged in media criticism.

In Casting Calls, Lauren Cardillo excerpted relevant moments from popular films to demonstrate the argument that Hollywood represents Islam as a "faith of violence."

She invoked fair use because she was quoting material in a different context and for a different purpose from that for which it was created, and as media criticism.

Byron Hurt quoted from rapper Nelly's "Tip Drill" in his film Beyond Beats and Rhymes.

He employed fair use because the quoted material illustrated his argument about sexism in rap today.

In Money for Nothing, Kembrew McLeod argued that popular music stars were being chosen for their ability to cross-promote their work.

McLeod claimed fair use for advertisements, album covers and television programming because he was making a critique of the media products themselves, as examples of a cultural trend.

In Kartemquin Films' Women's Voices: The Gender Gap, made to encourage women to vote, stereotyping of women in media was critiqued through animation techniques.

Kartemquin claimed fair use of the TV news clip because the film was commenting critically on the specific piece of media quoted.